Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Therapy: What is It? Are TMS services beneficial for depression?

By: Destinee Rodriguez

Depression is a word we hear quite often. Whether it be on TV, in the news, or amongst our friends and community, depression is all around us. 18.5% of Americans between the ages of 18-24 have experienced depression or depressive symptoms as of 2021. This translates to roughly 21 million adults in the United States. When considering treatment, many assume that medications are the only way to help someone who is experiencing depression or depressive symptoms. Although medication management is effective in helping treat depression, there are various types of medications for depressive symptoms, and this is not the only effective method of treatment. For some adults, up to 30% according to Johns Hopkins Medicine, these medications have no effect, leading to Treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This can leave individuals feeling helpless and lost, as if there is no way they will ever recover. I was one of those people. I was diagnosed with depression in 2014 and given a slew of antidepressants that did not work for me. My therapist had suggested I undergo Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) therapy for the treatment of depression in 2022, and my life changed in drastic ways. Just because medication might not work, does not mean all hope is lost in recovery!

What is TMS Therapy?

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a form of treatment for depression and anxiety. This non-invasive, outpatient treatment uses magnetic pulses to stimulate nerve cells in the brain, such as nerves in the prefrontal cortex and other regions associated with mood stabilization and regulation. TMS is FDA-approved and typically has very few to no side effects. The clinician will first map out the patient’s head to determine where the taps go. The electromagnetic coils work to activate brain regions that have decreased activity due to the depressive symptoms. 

Here is a photo of me undergoing TMS services in August of 2022! 

Magnetic taps to the brain sound intense! Are there side effects?

Side effects of TMS services are typically mild to moderate. Those who experience symptoms will experience them more intensely at the beginning of their treatment. Side effects include:

·      Scalp discomfort and pain

·      Headaches

·      Tingling, spasms, or twitching of facial muscles

·      Lightheadedness. 

While undergoing TMS treatment, people may be offered a mouthguard to prevent tooth damage if they grind their teeth during treatment. Because TMS is not an invasive treatment, there is no need for anesthesia or a companion to ensure the patient gets home safely.  It is important to note that side effects are typically mild and will subside after that session. Still, there is always the potential for uncommon, more harmful side effects (as with any treatment or medication). These unusual, more serious side effects can include 

·      Seizures

·      Emotional highs (Mania) 

·      Hearing loss if the ears are not well protected. (The tapping can get loud!)

How do I know if TMS therapy is right for me? Who do I talk to about it?

TMS is a medical treatment, and like all others, people interested in TMS services should inquire with a medical professional before undergoing TMS. This includes a physical exam, lab tests, and a mental health evaluation to discuss depression. Those with metal or implanted devices like stents or pacemakers should take extra precautions, as well as those who are pregnant or thinking of becoming pregnant. The clinician must ensure that the depression does not stem from another mental health or medical condition, so it is essential to always be truthful and honest with your medical professionals. If there is someone in your life who has tried multiple different medications for depression with no avail, if they feel they have exhausted their treatment options, it may be time to talk with a medical professional about seeking TMS services as a way to treat depression and depressive symptoms.